Hydraulic pump



" (No Mdl.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. CLARKSON. HYDRAULIC PUMP.

No. 572,963. PatentedvDeo. 15, 1896.

ATTORNEY.

me v'wonms mens co, mom-Lmm.. wAsmNcmm D. c.

(N0 maal.) I 2 sheets-4mm; 2. f

W. GLARKSolv.4 i HYDRAULIC PUMP.'

N By

ATTORNEY.

- /o (all whom, it 71mg/ Voltar/171,.'

' jivrTn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIADII CLARKSON, OF CLEBURNE, TEXAS.

HYDRAULIC PUMP.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 572,963, dated December15, 1896.

Applicationled May l2, 1896. Serial No. 591,209. (No model;)

Beit known that I, WILLIAM CLARKsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cleburne, in the county of Johnson and State of Texas, haveinvented certain'new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Pumps; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to pumps, and more particularly to my improvedmethod of pumpin g shown and described in an application for patentiiled by me in the United States Patent Ofce March 4, 1896, Serial No.581,771.

It is now my object to provide novel means for economizing` power,facilitating the operation of the pump, and means for adapting my systemof pumping` to meet requirements when there is much difference inelevation between the driving and pumping ram.

My present invention chieiiy consists in providingr adj ustably-weightedplungers for the two rams and weighting the driving-ram plungersufficiently to balance the weight of the pumping-ram plunger and itsattachments plus the weight or a part of the weight of water to belifted from the well, while the latter is weighted sufficiently toinsure the return iiow of the liquid in the pressure-pipe upon the up orreturn stroke of the former.

My invention also consists in providing a pumping system for a series oftwo wells, or any multiple of two, whereby the weighted plungers on thepumping-rams shall counterbalance through the medium of separate liquidcolumns and exert an equal gravity-pressure upon opposite ends of asingle powerplunger.

My invention further consists in providing a motor for operating apump-rod designed especially to dispense with valves, valvecages, orother impedimenta to the flow of liquid in the pressure-pipe and itsingress and egress to motorcylinders; also, in providing a driving-ramadapted for independent connection with an engine by a belt or othermeans and operated by a cross-head attached to the power-plunger; also,in providing means whereby the pressure exerted upon the liquid in thepressure-pipe is alternately high and low, the high pressure being 2cast integral with its base.

utilized to elevate the pump or sucker rod and the low pressure to lowersaid rod gradually and insure the return flow of the liquid.

My invention further consists in the parts and combination of parts, ashereinafter set forth.

My invention is particularly valuable in a country where water is scarceor scattered and accumulated in either deep or shallow wells, which arewidely separatedor located at a distance from the power-station g also,as a means for pumping and conveying water from a series of wells to asettlement or town where a series of pumps are used to produce acontinuous supply of water to a reservoir.

ln the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,Figure l is a view showing means for carrying out my improved method ofpumping. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing means for elevating waterfrom two wells and balancing the pumping-ram plungers throughindependent columns of water. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic View showing theapplication of wind-wheel and hand-power to operate my pumping system.Fig. a is a detail.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, A denotes the driving-ram,B the pumping-ram, and C a pipe containing oil or water, which isconfined in said pipe and cylinders between the plungers of the tworams.

The driving-ram, as shown in Fig. l, is adapted to be operated by abelt. It is constructed with a standard l, having a cylinder Thestandard l extends upwardly above said cylinder and is turned inwardlyover the same.

3 denotes a perforation in the upper portion of the standard, directlyover and in line with the bore of said cylinder. 4L denotesastuifing-box in the upper end of said cylinder. 5 denotes a plungerentering the upper end of said cylinder and provided with a stem 6,which plays through the perforation 3. Said stem is screw-threaded atits upper end and provided with a clamping-nut 7.

8 denotes a series of weights, the upper and lower ones of which arehemispherical in shape and the intermediate ones disk-shaped. Saidweights are formed with central perforations which register with thestem 6 and are secured in place thereon by the nut 7.

IOO

7 -jdenotes an adjustable cross-head secured to said plunger and is ofsubstantially the same construction as that shown in my patent of April25, 1803, No. 496,294.

9 denotes a pump for supplying water or oil to the pipe C.

The pumping-ram is constructed with. a base 10, an open yoke 11., and acylinder 12, preferably cast in one piece. The base is provided with abranch pipe 13, connect-in g the supply-pipe and pump-barrel.

14 denotes two stufiing-boxes arranged in vertical alinement in theupper and lower part of the yoke 11.

15 denotes a plunger connected to the pump or sucker rod' and enteringthe upper end of the cylinder 12. 1G denotes a stem connected to theupper end of said plunger and projecting above the same. It isscrew-threaded and provided with a clamping-nut 17.

18 denotes weights similar in construction to the weights 8. 19 denotesa safety-valve arranged in `the upper portion of said cylinder andconnected by a chain 2O to the upper end of the stem 1G, as shown inFig. 1.

21 denotes the reservoir, and 21-.1- the supply-pipe for same.

In Fig. 2 I show my system of pumping as applied to two or more wells,in which I dispense with weighted plun gers for the drivingram andutilize or set off the weight of one pumping-ram plunger and itsconnections against the weight of the other, employing two columns ofwater separated by two cylinders having a common plunger,which,when atrest, is balanced or has an equal pressure of water upon each end. Inthis iigure 22 denotes two cylinders arranged end to end and having aplunger common to both and entering the adjacent or inner ends of saidcylinders. 24 denotes stuffing-boxes for said cylinders. C denotes thetwo pipes connecting the outer ends of said cylinders with thepumping-ram cylinders. 25 denotes a crosshead secured to said plungerabout midway of its length.

The construction of the pumping-rams for the two wells is substantiallythe same as before described. The wells are shown as about on a leveland of equal depth, in which case the plungers are equally weighty, andthe weight, including the connections of the plungers, as, vfor example,the weight of the pump er sucker rod, must always be sufficient to forcethe water or oil in either pipe back to its normal position upon theretreat of the corresponding end of the power-plunger. In ease there isa difference in elevation between the two wells or where one well isdeeper than the other the weight upon the pumping-rain plungers shouldbe adj usted accordingly, so that in all eases the two plungers willcounterbalance, or nearly so.

The driving or motor ram shown in Fig. 1 is utilized for operating asingle pumpingram. This motor-ram is especially adapted to be connectedto an engine by a belt and is designed to dispense with the necessityheretofore of supplying a separate pump or engine employing steam orcompressed air and requiring much more expensive construction. Wherethis ram is at about the same level with the puin ping-ram, its plungeris weighted sufeiently to equal the combined weight of the pumping-ramplunger, pump or sucker rod, and a portion if not the entire weight ofwater lifted at each stroke of the sucker-rod. The weight upon thepumping-ram plunger must always be suflicient to cause the return flowof the liquid in pipe C upon the upstroke of the power-plunger. Thenthere is a difference in elevation between the two rams, the weights areso adjusted that sufficient weight is placed on the plunger of the lowerram to meet the additional weight of the column of liquid in the pipe Cand insure its return flow. It is evident that the drivingpower is thusemployed, first, in lifting' the water from the well, and, secondly, inlifting the weight of the power-plunger. Therefore about an equal amountof power is exerted by the engine in effecting the down as well as theup stroke of the power-plunger.

ln some instances it may be advantageous to have the weights of the twoplungers so adj usted that the power-plun ger should weigh about thesame as the pumping-plunger plus the weight of the pump-red. In suchcase the driving power is chiefly exerted upon the downstroke of thepower-plunger. It is evident that as the pressure in the pipe C isinstantly relieved upon the completion of the upstroke of thepump-plunger, the downstroke of this plunger is effected by gravityonly, affording a gradual and easy descent of the sucker-rod withoutexerting any pressure or crowding of the pump-valve upon the recedingwater in the pump-barrel. This is an important feature of my invention,as it prevents the pump choking, produces a greater vacuum, and requiresless power to operate.

Another important feature of my invention is the arrangement of rams Aand B with their connecting pipe, by which I coniine a liquid column inthe cylinders 2 and 12 and pipe O between two plungers and, withoutemploying valves, provide for the reciprocating action of said plungers,the ingress and egress of the column of liquid into said cylinders andback and forth in said pipe.

The object in providing a safety-valve for the cylinder 12 is to preventthe hydraulic pressure driving the plunger out of the same when too muchwater is supplied in the pipe C. It is so arranged that before the lowerend of the plunger can reach the top of the cylinder the chain will liftthe safety-valve and relieve the pressure. The safety-valve also servesthe purpose of an air-outlet. In Fig. 3 I have shown a driving-ramadapted to be operated by a wind-wheel or hand- IIO power. Any suitablemeans may be employed for detachably connecting the plunger towind-wheel.

The operation of my system of pumping is as follows: The plunger in theram A being raised, water is fed into the feed-pipe until the pipe C andcylinder 2 are filled. The ram A is then set in motion and its plungerforced down, driving the liquid out of the cylinder and forcing thecolumn of liquid in the pipe C against the plunger in the pumping-ram,raising the same and lifting the pump or sucker rod. The power-plungerhaving completed its downward stroke then ascends and the pressure onthe pump-plunger being relieved it gravitates to its normal position,lowering at the same time the pump-rod. Vhere my system is employed inpumping two or more wells, the operation is substantially the same,though in this case I dispense with Weighted plun gers for thedrivingram and use a horizontal plunger and set of cylinders, as abovedescribed, equalizing the pressure of the liquid columns on oppositeends of said plunger by the weighted plunger of the two pumping-rams.

I-Iaving shown and described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pumping apparatus the combina tion with a cylinder and adjustably-weighted plunger working therein and connected to apumping-piston, of a second cylinder and an adj ustably-weighted plungerWorking therein, a connection containing a liquid column between thefluid-spaces of said cylinders such that said weighted plungers andtheir connected parts may counterbalance each other, and devices forapplying pressure to said liquid column for lifting the piston-actuatingplunger, substantially as described.

2. A hydraulic pump consisting of two cylinders arranged in horizontalalinement and having a horizontal plunger between them common to both,separate pipes connecting each ofsaid cylinders with an upright cylinderprovided with a plunger having detachable weights and said weightedplungers adapted to counterbalance each other through the medium of aliquid column contained in said pipes and cylinders and bearing uponopposite ends of said horizontal plunger, substantially as shown anddescribed.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM CLARKSON. Witnesses:

D. TEUELGE, O. L. Bistror.

